稠油井下改质降黏开采中高效催化剂的应用

研究了采用油溶性催化剂XAGD-2催化改质胜利稠油过程中稠油黏度、组成和平均相对分子质量的变化.结果表明,由于该催化剂的分子结构中,过渡金属离子置于有机酸骨架上,使其具有油溶性,实现了均相催化,且稳定性良好、催化效率高、使用温度范围广;催化剂的合成方法简单、成本低廉.在反应温度200℃、反应时间24 h的条件下,XAGD-2及甲苯加人量分别为0.3%和0.1%(质量分数)时,可使胜利稠油降黏率达80%以上.稠油经催化改质处理后,其饱和烃、芳香烃质量分数增加,胶质和沥青质质量分数明显下降,从而使稠油的黏度降低,平均相对分子质量减小.胜利油田现场应用结果表明,XAGD-2可有效地改善热采稠油油藏吞吐开发效果,实现井下催化降黏,提高原油产量.

APPLICATION OF HIGH EFFICIENCY CATALYST IN DOWNHOLE UPGRADING HEAVY OIL

The changes of viscosity, hydrocarbon composition and average relative molecular mass of Shengli heavy oil in catalytic upgrading by oil-soluble catalyst XAGD-2 were investigated.The catalyst XAGD-2 had become oil-soluble due to that the transition metal ions were on the framework of organic acid in its molecule.The upgrading reaction of heavy oil could happen under the homogeneous phase with XAGD-2 as catalyst, showing high stability, high catalytic effect and wide range of temperature.The preparation of XAGD-2 was simple and with low cost.The experimental results indicated that the viscosity-reduction rate of Shengli heavy oil was over 80% when upgrading catalyzed by 0.3% XAGD-2 and 0.1% methylbenzene at 200℃, 24 h.After this catalytic upgrading, the amount of saturates and aromatics in heavy oil increased, while resins and asphaltenes decreased, which led to average relative molecular mass and viscosity of heavy oil decreased.The field application of XAGD-2 in Shengli oilfield demonstrated that the XAGD-2 could downhole upgrade the heavy oil and raise the production.