试论城市规划中的公共利益

就空间论空间的思维模式已经不能适应市场化、多元化的社会经济进程,城市规划必须研究空间背后的社会利益机制,所有的城市规划工作实际上就是围绕着利益问题进行的,城市规划是协调社会不同利益的一种工具,城市规划的目标就在于实现公共利益的最大化,公共利益应该始终是城市规划师的基本价值观的核心内容。但是城市规划并不能自动地实现公共利益,为此需要克服来自几个方面的自利性影响。城市规划学科的研究领域不仅应该在空间上拓展,更应该在学科领域上加强交叉,尤其是注重对于决定土地与空间利用模式的利益关系的研究,应该逐渐向政策科学转变,在实际工作中应该重视规划中的利益诉求机制的建设和规划行业的职业道德建设,以及社会公益用地范围的界定。

ON PUBLIC INTEREST IN URBAN PLANNING

One ideological inclination possessedby urban planners is to focus merely on the spacedistribution study, which can not adapt to the socialand economic progress featuring market system andsocial diversification. This study indicates that it is anecessity for urban planning to concentrate on thesocial interest system instead of space distributionalone. As matter of fact, urban planning is an instru-ment of adjusting social interest, the target of whichis to maximize the public interest. Therefore, publicinterest should be the core of the value pursuit of theplanner. However, public interest can not be realizedthrough urban planning, it has to overcome self-inter-est influence from several aspects. The urban plan-ning knowledge should extend not only in the spacebut also the interdisciplinary involvement, especiallythe interest system which determines the mode ofland use and space distribution. It also should be amore policy-oriented science and pay much attentionto the establishment of interest allocation system andthe cultivation of professional ethics.