超深油气储集层改造技术进展与发展方向

通过对超深层油气储集层改造技术发展历史的系统总结,阐述了国内外超深层油气储集层改造技术的新进展。超深层缝网改造机理研究更加深入,改造液材料性能指标进一步提升,超深直井精细分层、超深大斜度井/水平井分段多簇改造技术日趋成熟。结合国内超深油气储集层的勘探开发趋势,论述了超深油气储集层改造的生产需求及技术难点,包括:①地质工程一体化技术研究及应用难度大;②入井改造材料要求高;③进一步提高超深巨厚储集层纵向剖面动用程度难度大;④对入井工具及地面配套高压设备要求高;⑤超深、高温、高压井实现高效改造难度大;⑥储集层改造直接监测及准确后评估难度大。结合国内超深油气储集层的复杂地质特点,提出了7个方面的技术发展方向:①系统构建基础研究方法与评价实验新技术;②加强地质认识,完善地质工程一体化工作运行机制;③研发针对性更强的超深层高效改造材料;④攻关超深巨厚储集层精细分层改造工艺技术;⑤探索超深层水平井缝控改造技术;⑥研发适用于超深油气储集层改造的水力裂缝直接监测技术;⑦研制耐高温、高压的井下改造工具及耐高压配套井口设备。

Progress and development directions of stimulation techniques for ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs

By reviewing the development history of stimulation techniques for deep/ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs,the new progress in this field in China and abroad has been summed up,including deeper understanding on formation mechanisms of fracture network in deep/ultra-deep oil and gas reservoir,performance improvement of fracturing fluid materials,fine stratification of ultra-deep vertical wells,and mature staged multi-cluster fracturing technique for ultra-deep and highly deviated wells/horizontal wells.In light of the exploration and development trend of ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs in China,the requirements and technical difficulties in ultra-deep oil and gas reservoir stimulation are discussed:(1)The research and application of integrated geological engineering technology is difficult.(2)The requirements on fracturing materials for stimulation are high.(3)It is difficult to further improve the production in vertical profile of the ultra-deep and hugely thick reservoirs.(4)The requirements on tools and supporting high-pressure equipment on the ground for stimulation are high.(5)It is difficult to achieve efficient stimulation of ultra-deep,high-temperature and high-pressure wells.(6)It is difficult to monitor directly the reservoir stimulation and evaluate the stimulation effect accurately after stimulation.In line with the complex geological characteristics of ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs in China,seven technical development directions are proposed:(1)To establish systematic new techniques for basic research and evaluation experiments;(2)to strengthen geological research and improve the operational mechanism of integrating geological research and engineering operation;(3)to develop high-efficiency fracturing materials for ultra-deep reservoirs;(4)to research separated layer fracturing technology for ultra-deep and hugely thick reservoirs;(5)to explore fracture-control stimulation technology for ultra-deep horizontal well;(6)to develop direct monitoring technology for hydraulic fractures in ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs;(7)to develop downhole fracturing tools with high temperature and high pressure tolerance and supporting wellhead equipment able to withstand high pressure.