抑郁症发病机制与临床抗抑郁药研究进展

抑郁症是一种常见的精神类疾病,但目前其确切的病因病理机制尚不清楚。神经递质失衡、免疫功能紊乱、神经内分泌失调、神经可塑性异常改变以及遗传因素影响等均与抑郁症发病密切相关。尽管抗抑郁药的研究取得了一定程度的发展,但是目前的药物大多作用靶点单一,起效慢,不良反应多,临床疗效不甚理想。多靶点,多系统共同作用类抗抑郁药物的研发已成为新药发展的主要研究方向。本文就抑郁症的神经生化机制及抗抑郁药的作用特点作一综述,为临床抗抑郁药的选择及开发研究新药提供借鉴。

Advances of Research on Depression： Pathogenesis and Therapies

Depression is a recurrent and disabling mental disorder, the pathogenesis of which has not been clearly elucidated yet. Recent advances disclose that many factors such as neurotransmission imbalance, immune dysfunction, neuroendocrine disturbance, neuroplastic abnormality and heredity are closely relevant to the pathogenesis of the disease. Current drugs and medications for the treatment of depression have delayed and limited efficacy even with more or less side-effects due to single-target of them. Therefore, anti-depressants with multiple physiological targets are the major direction for the ongoing development of novel drugs. In this paper, the current neural biochemical mechanisms of depression as well as the features of antidepressants are summarized, which may contribute to the clinical selection of antidepressant drugs, and the research and development of novel drugs.