Highly Flexible Transparent Electrodes Containing Ultrathin Silver for Efficient Polymer Solar Cells |
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Authors: | Dhriti Sundar Ghosh Quan Liu Paola Mantilla‐Perez Tong Lai Chen Vahagn Mkhitaryan Minghuang Huang Sean Garner Jordi Martorell Valerio Pruneri |
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Affiliation: | 1. ICFO‐Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain;2. Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA;3. Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain;4. ICREA‐ Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan?ats, Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | Transparent electrodes (TEs) having electrooptical trade‐offs better than state‐of‐the‐art indium tin oxide (ITO) are continuously sought as they are essential to enable flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, a TiO2‐Ag‐ITO (TAI)‐based TE is introduced and its use is demonstrated in an inverted polymer solar cell (I‐PSCs). Thanks to the favorable nucleation and wetting conditions provided by the TiO2, the ultrathin silver film percolates and becomes continuous with high smoothness at very low thicknesses (3–4 nm), much lower than those required when it is directly deposited on a plastic or glass substrate. Compared to conventional ITO‐TE, the proposed TAI‐TE exhibits exceptionally lower electrical sheet resistance (6.2 Ω sq?1), higher optical transmittance, a figure‐of‐merit two times larger, and mechanical flexibility, the latter confirmed by the fact that the resistance increases only 6.6% after 103 tensile bending cycles. The I‐PSCs incorporating the TAI‐TE show record power conversion efficiency (8.34%), maintained at 96% even after 400 bending cycles. |
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Keywords: | figure‐of‐merits fill factors flexible polymer solar cells transparent electrodes ultrathin silvers |
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