基于ArcGIS土壤重金属迁移模型研究进展

工业生产活动的增加造成了土壤和地下水中的重金属污染不断加剧。由于重金属在土壤中滞留时间长、迁移性差，且难以生物降解，导致土壤中重金属元素含量超标。土壤重金属迁移规律复杂，治理难度大，修复费用高，研究土壤重金属迁移模型，以可视化形式精准判定污染区域，可以为科学污染防治和土壤资源保护提供依据。全面阐述土壤重金属迁移扩散模型的研究进展，探讨基于ArcGIS二次开发的相关研究，包括土壤污染风险评估、修复及重金属迁移等。同时，分析现有研究不足之处，展望未来土壤重金属迁移模型的发展趋势。

Research Progress of Heavy Metal Migration Modeling in Soil Based on ArcGIS

The increase of industrial production activities has resulted in increasing heavy metal pollution in soil and groundwater. Due to the long retention time of heavy metals in soil, poor mobility, and difficult biodegradation, the content of heavy metals in the soil exceeds the standard. The migration pattern of heavy metals in soil is complex, and it is difficult to manage and expensive to remediate. Therefore, it is important to study the soil heavy metal migration model to accurately determine the contaminated area in a visualized form, so as to provide a basis for scientific pollution prevention and soil resource protection. The research progress of soil heavy metal migration and diffusion modeling was comprehensively described, and the related research based on the secondary development of ArcGIS was discussed, including soil pollution risk assessment, remediation and heavy metal migration. At the same time, the shortcomings of the existing research were analyzed, and the future development trends of soil heavy metal migration model were forecasted.