废旧油脂的精制及酯交换制备生物柴油的研究

采用除杂、脱水、萃取、脱色等操作对废油脂如废煎炸油、地沟油、橡胶籽油进行了精制;对大豆油和精制处理前后的上述废油脂的各种物理化学性质进行了测定和评价;采用共沉淀法制备了Mg/Al类水滑石,450℃焙烧得到复合氧化物并以其催化各种油脂和甲醇合成生物柴油;分别用1H NMR法和仲裁法分析对比酯交换反应的产率。结果表明,大豆油制备生物柴油的产率高达96.9%,而精制后的地沟油、煎炸油和橡胶籽油制备生物柴油的收率分别达38.6%、40.2%和82.0%,可有效降低生物柴油生产成本。尤其是橡胶籽油,有望成为大豆油的替代原料用于生物柴油生产工业。

Study on Refinement of Waste Oil and Transesterification for Biodiesel Production

Impurity removal, dehydration, extraction and decolorization were used to refine various oils. including used frying oil, illegal cooking oil and rubber seed oil. The physical and chemical properties of soybean oil as well as the waste oils before and after refinement were determined. Mg-Al hydrotaleite was prepared via co-precipitation and calcined at 4.50 ℃ to give its derivative, Mg-Al composite oxide, which was applied as catalyst in the biodiesel production from oils and methanol by transesterificalion. The yield of biodiesel was determined by 1H NMR and arbitration method respectively. The resuhs showed that lhe yiehl of biodiesel from soybean oil reached as high as 96.9%, the yield of biodiesel from re- fined illegal cooking oil, used frying oil and nlbber seed oil were 38.6%, 40.2% and 82.0% respectively. The waste oils could offer a way lo reduce the cost of biodiesel production, and the rubber seed oil could be used as the substitute of sovbean oil to produce biodiesel.