Steelmaking considerations using smelted iron

Iron produced with several of the “in-bath smelting” technologies may differ from the output of conventional blast furnaces. Carbon content may be driven to below saturation, oxygen content will be high so that a) silicon may be near nil, and b) the sulfur content can reach upward of 10 times higher than achieved with the coke-oven/blast-furnace route. These conditions point to the need for new approaches for conversion of this intermediate liquid into steel.