食品安全监管制度的优化及其实现逻辑--基于上海羊肉掺假的个案分析

食品安全监管制度是政府及其相关者行为规范和行为模式的总和。制度的主要作用是协调不同主体之间的行为，最终实现彼此间的共同利益，因而政府采取沟通、联合、互动的方式平衡彼此之间的关系，防止食品安全监管出现混乱无序的状态。但我国食品安全监管制度一直处于变迁之中，食品安全事故屡见不鲜，在现有的制度环境之下，难以协调一致来实现食品安全的目标。以上海羊肉掺假事件为个案，从个体行为层次与体制秩序层次分析事件的内在机理及其产生根源，并在“大部制”改革的前提下，通过制度优化来约束、激励、规范食品安全各利益主体的策略行为。

Optimization of Food Safety Regulatory System and Implementation Logic:Based on a Case Study of Mutton Adulteration of Shanghai

Food safety regulatory system is the norms and behavior patterns combined of government and other stakeholders. The main function of the system is to coordinate actions between different parts,to achieve the common interests,and thus the government to take communication,joint,inter-active way to balance the relationship with each other,to prevent chaotic state. However,China’s food safety regulatory system has been in change among the frequent occurrences of food safety. Under the existing environment system,it is difficult to achieve harmonization of food safety objectives. Tak-ing Shanghai lamb adulteration incident as a case,we analyzed their root causes and internal mecha-nism from individual behavior analytic hierarchy levels and institutional order of events,and in“Su-per-Ministry system”reform of the premise,through system optimization constraints,incentives to reg-ulate food security and the strategic behavior of each stakeholder.