能耗均衡的移动传感器节点派遣算法

在混合无线传感器网络中,移动传感器节点最耗能的操作是移动,如何减少移动传感器节点的移动距离同时能让其完成任务是一个富有挑战性的研究课题。本文提出了一个移动传感器节点的派遣算法,旨在均衡各个移动传感器节点的移动负载,并且能按优先级响应事件地点,适用于任意数量的移动传感器节点和事件地点的情况。当移动传感器节点数量大于事件地点数量时,将其转化为一个带权完全二分图上的最大匹配问题。当事件地点数量大于移动传感器节点的数量时,本文提出的算法先将事件地点聚类分簇,然后派遣移动传感器节点到各个簇中分别完成访问任务。为了减少传感器节点之间的消息传输量,本文在集中式算法的基础上又提出了一个分布式算法。仿真实验结果表明本文提出的分布式算法能有效降低传感器节点之间的消息传输量,算法能够使得整个混合无线传感器网络的生存寿命延长20%左右。

Energy-balanced Mobile Sensors Dispatch Algorithm

In a hybrid wireless sensor network, the most energy-cost operation of mobile sensors is movement. It is a challenging research topic that how to reduce the moving cost of mobile sensors while allow it completing the task. A mobile sensor dispatch algorithm that can balance the load of each mobile sensor is proposed, and it can be applied for any number of mobile sensors and event locations. When there are more mobile sensors than event locations, it translates the problem into a maximum bipartite matching problem. When there are less mobile sensors than event locations, it first clustering the event locations, then dispatching each mobile sensor to one cluster of event locations. In order to reduce the amount of message transmission between sensors, this paper further proposes a distributed algorithm. Simulation results show that the distributed algorithm can effectively reduce the amount of message transmission and the whole algorithm can efficiently extend system lifetime.