夏热冬冷地区住宅围护结构能耗的灵敏度分析

为得到围护结构各相关因素对建筑能耗影响的权重,采用EETP围护结构评价指标对空调、采暖能耗进行计算,分析了夏热冬冷地区上海、长沙、韶关和成都四个城市高层点式住宅围护结构各因素对空调、采暖及全年能耗的灵敏度,包括体形系数、窗墙比、遮阳系数、外墙/屋顶/外窗的传热系数、外墙/屋顶外表面的太阳辐射吸收系数。结果表明：窗墙比为25%时,墙体传热系数、体形系数和窗墙比依次是影响全年能耗的前三位主要因素,四个城市灵敏度分别为24.4%~35.8%、21.7%~32.0%和16.8%~31.1%;窗墙比为50%时,窗墙比、体形系数和遮阳系数依次是前三位主要因素,灵敏度分别为34.8%~45.6%,20.0%~44.3%和12.0%~47%;外墙和屋顶外表面太阳辐射吸收系数以及屋顶传热系数对建筑全年能耗影响均很小。

Sensitivity Analysis of Energy Consumption for Residential Envelope in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

To obtain the influence weights of envelope related parameters on building energy consumption,EETP index which is the evaluation index on energy and thermal performance of residential envelope was used to calculate the energy consumption for cooling and heating,the sensitivities of cooling,heating and yearly energy consumption for high-rise point residential building were analyzed in four cities of Shanghai,Changsha,Shaoguan and Chengdu in hot summer and cold winter zone,which including shape coefficient,window to wall area ratio(WWR),shading coefficient,heat-transfer coefficient of wall/roof/window and solar radiation absorptance of wall/roof surface.The results show that,when the WWR is 25%,the top three main factors in turn are heat-transfer coefficient of wall,shape coefficient and WWR,the sensitivities of four cities are 24.4%~35.8%,21.7%~32.0% and 16.8%~31.1%,respectively;when the WWR is 50%,the top three main factors in turn are WWR,shape coefficient and shading coefficient,the sensitivities are 34.8~45.6%,20.0%~44.3% and 12.0%~47%,respectively;The effects of solar radiation absorptance of wall and roof and the heating-transfer coefficient of roof on the energy consumption are very slight.