渤海海域油气勘探历程与启示

渤海海域历经50余年油气勘探,综合其油气勘探领域突破、储量增长、作业经营模式等因素,将其勘探历程划分为5个阶段：以凸起潜山为主的早期探索阶段（1965—1979年）、以古近系为主的对外合作阶段（1980—1994年）、以新近系为主的自营带动合作阶段（1995—2005年）、多层系立体勘探阶段（2006—2015年）和精细勘探阶段（2016年至今）。以各个阶段重大勘探成果和里程碑式的勘探事件为依据,系统总结了浅层油气运聚理论、源-汇时空耦合控砂原理、叠合走滑断裂带油气成藏机理、“两高一优”深层天然气富集机理等理论认识。这些新理论认识的提出,进一步丰富和发展了油气勘探理论,有效指导了渤海油田油气勘探持续发现,具有很好的推广借鉴意义。

Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment in Bohai Sea

The Bohai Sea has experienced more than 50 years of oil and gas exploration. Considering the breakthrough in oil and gas exploration domain, reserves growth, operation mode and other factors, the exploration process in the Bohai Sea can be divided into five stages: (1) Early exploration stage (1965-1979): it was dominated by exploration of bulges and buried hills; (2) Foreign cooperation stage (1980-1994): the exploration in this stage was targeted at the Paleogene; (3) Self-driven cooperation stage (1995-2005): its main exploration target was the Neogene; (4) 3D and multi-layer exploration stage (2006-2015); (5) Fine exploration stage (since 2016). Based on the major exploration achievements and milestone exploration events in all stages, this paper systematically summarizes the important theoretical understandings, including the theory of shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation, sand control principle of source-sink coupling in time and space, hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of superimposed strike-slip fault zones, and the deep gas enrichment mechanism with “two highs and one fineness”. These new theoretical understandings further enrich and widen the oil and gas exploration theories, effectively guide the sustaining oil and gas discoveries in Bohai oilfield and have excellent application prospects.