深部开采地表沉陷特征的数值模拟

随着煤矿开采深度的增加，深部岩体的力学行为在赋存状态改变的情形下趋于复杂，深部开采引起的地表沉陷不同于浅部．数值模拟与现场实测结果表明：当采宽一定时，深部开采中的地面各项移动变形值均小于浅部，对覆岩局部和地面起控制作用的关键层增多，影响了深部开采中的地表沉陷．深部的煤岩体在高地应力状态下受采后高附加应力的影响，远离工作面的煤柱均出现不同程度的压缩变形现象，煤岩柱整体压缩变形是深部开采地表沉陷的特殊组成部分，导致了、深部开采引起的地面影响范围及岩层内部移动边界线都大于浅部，这对深部开采岩层移动角参数有很大影响．

Numerical Simulation of Surface Subsidence Induced by Deep Mining

With the increase of coal mining depth, the mechanical behaviour of deep rocks becomes complicated and surface subsidence caused by deep mining is much different from that caused by mining near the surface. The numerical simulation and actual measurements indicate that at a given mining width, the surface movement and deformation by deep mining are less than that by mining near the surface and the surface subsidence by deep mining is controlled by key strata which control the movement of overburden rock mass. The coal pillars far from working face are deformed differently under great ground stress, and the compressive deformation of coal and rock pillars as a whole is a particular situation of surface subsidence in deep mining, making the surface influencing area by deep mining being larger than that by mining near the surface, greatly affecting the travelling limit.