摘除不适用叶与喷施光碳核肥对烤烟上部叶生理代谢及品质的影响

为优化烤后烟叶的等级结构,提高上部烟叶的工业可用性,以豫烟6号为材料,通过田间试验研究了摘除下部不适用叶与叶面喷施光碳核肥对烤烟上部叶叶面积、光合特性、碳氮代谢及烤后烟叶内在化学成分和经济性状的影响。结果表明,与对照(打顶时不摘除下部不适用叶)相比,打顶时摘除下部6片不适用叶显著提高了上部烟叶叶面积、叶绿素含量、光合性能、碳氮代谢强度及烤后中上等烟叶比例,增加了上部叶的总氮含量,降低了烤后烟叶的产量、产值。与仅摘除下部不适用叶相比,打顶时摘除下部6片不适用叶结合叶面喷施光碳核肥增加了烤后上部烟叶的单叶质量、钾含量、总糖含量、还原糖含量、糖碱比及钾氯比,提高了烤后烟叶的产量和品质。摘除下部6片不适用叶结合喷施光碳核肥较对照处理其上部叶叶面积、单叶质量、钾含量及上中等烟比例分别提高了11.53%、23.19%、12.69%和17.50%。总体来看,摘除下部6片不适用叶结合叶面喷施光碳核肥能够促进上部叶开片,使烤后烟叶的化学成分更加协调,经济效益较佳。

Effects of removing unusable leaf at lower stalk position and spraying carbon dioxide trapping agent on physiological metabolism of upper leaves and quality of flue-cured tobacco

LIU Ling;LI Dong;SHEN Hongtao;BAI Feng;ZHAO Shimin(College of Agricultural,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China;Technology Center,China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Technology Center,Luoyang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China)