单向导湿织物的研究现状及进展

从差动毛细效应和润湿梯度效应的角度总结了纺织材料的单向导湿原理。阐述了单向导湿织物主要制备方法：化学法和结构设计法，并对 2 种制备方法的优缺点进行评述；总结了影响织物单向导湿效果的主要因素，即化学因素与物理因素，通过合理控制影响因素可实现优异的单向导湿效果。在此基础上指出了传统单向导湿性能测试方法存在的局限性以及相应评价指标的优点与不足，并对比分析了一种新型测试仪器：液态水分管理系统。最后根据当前单向导湿纺织品研究中存在的问题，从机制研究、制备方法及测试方法 3 个方面提出针对性建议，并展望了单向导湿织物的应用前景。

Development of unidirectional water-transfer fabrics

From the perspective of differential capillary effect and wetting yonsure effect, the principle of unidirectional water-transfer in textiles was reviewed. Manufacturing method of unidirectional water-transfer can be divided into chemical method and structural design method. The advantages and limitations of the methods were compared. The main influencing factors of water-transfer performance, namely, chemical factors and physical factors were also reviewed. By controlling these factors, excellent unidirectional water-transfer properties through the fabric thickness could bi achieved. The limitations of conventional testing method was discussed on water-transfer and through a nowel testing method (cimparatively-MMT) was introduced. The current problems in unidirectional water-transfer textiles are believed to be solved by the study of mechanism, preparation method and testing method. Finally, the practical applications of unidirectional water-transfer textiles were included.