圆筒形地下立体停车库火灾火源位置与火势蔓延规律研究

选取一个典型的圆筒形地下立体停车库作为研究对象,运用star-ccm+软件,采用数值模拟的方法对车库内自然通风条件下的火灾场景进行模拟计算。分别选择负一层、负六层以及负十层作为起火点,计算得出：火源位置越深入地下,着火车位顶棚中心温度越高,最高可达942℃,与起火点同层的车位顶棚中心温度均高于200℃。当某车辆发生火灾后,其相邻车辆、上方车辆、相对车辆将分别在起火后的240、312、322 s左右被引燃;火源位置越往下,引燃附近车辆的时间越短。同时,通过计算值与理论值的对比,讨论了计算火源附近车辆被引燃时间理论公式的适用性。

Research on fire location and law of fire spread of cylindrical three-dimensional underground garage

A typical cylindrical three-dimensional underground garage is selected as the object of this research. In the condition of the natural ventilation, star-ccm+ software was used to simulate the fire scene in the garage. The negative layer, the negative six layer and the negative ten layer are selected as the fire points respectively. It calculated out that, the deeper the fire source, the higher the center temperature of the roof. The temperature values are respectively 860, 927 and 942℃. The center temperature of parking spaces on the same floor as the fire are all higher than 200℃. When a car get fired, its adjacent vehicles, upper vehicles and relative vehicles will be ignited at about 240, 312 and 322 s. The deeper the fire source, the shorter the time it takes to ignite its nearby vehicles. At the same time, the calculated value is compared with the theoretical value. In this article, the theoretical formula for calculating the ignition time of vehicles near the fire source, is only applicable to conservative estimates of vehicles with the same level of fire and with no shelter between them. And it is not applicable to the calculation of the ignition time of upper and lower vehicles of the fire source. According to the calculation, this type of garage can not discharge heat rely on natural ventilation. It is necessary to exhaust smoke from the parking spaces in the same level as fire source, which are under greater impact, so as to control the development of the fire.