胜利褐煤负载镍生物质气化催化剂实验研究

为获得较低温度下生物质焦油高效裂解气化的廉价型催化剂,基于褐煤富含含氧官能团特点,通过离子交换法将镍负载到胜利褐煤上制备褐煤负载镍催化剂(Ni/SLC)。研究了溶液p H值和炭化温度对催化剂物理化学性质的影响,得到Ni/SLC催化剂最佳制备条件,最后在两段式移动床石英反应器中将催化剂用于玉米芯挥发分的催化气化,研究了催化剂对生成气产量和碳平衡的影响。结果表明:p H值为11,炭化温度为650℃时制备的Ni/SLC比表面积最大达到266.3 m2/g,镍微晶尺寸较小为5.0 nm。催化气化实验表明:650℃下Ni/SLC催化剂具有高的焦油裂解活性,气体产量高达43.9 mmol/g,相当于无催化实验气体总产量的3.3倍;水蒸气气化可将热解焦油完全气化,气体产量为85.1 mmol/g,H2产量高达61.9 mmol/g,占气体总量的72.7%,说明Ni/SLC催化剂可作为生物质催化气化制氢的潜在催化剂。

Preparation of nickel-loaded on Shengli lignite catalysts for catalytic gasification of biomass

In order to prepare low price and high active catalyst for biomass tar pyrogasification,based on the rich oxygen-containing spe-cies in lignite,a kind of novel catalyst was prepared by loading nickel on Shenli lignite char via ion-exchange.The effects of solution pH and carbonization temperature on the physic-chemical properties of catalyst was studied.The research determined the optimum operation condition of Ni/ SLC catalyst.Then the catalyst was used in two-stage moving-bed gasification of corn cob in quartz tube reactor.The influ-ence of catalyst on gas yield and carbon balance was investigated.The results showed that,the catalyst prepared in the pH of 11 at 650 ℃reached the maximum SSA of 266.3 m2 / g and the nickel particles dispersed quite well in the catalyst with the NCS of 5.0 nm.It effectively improved tar decomposition at 650 ℃ under inert atmosphere and produced a tar-free syngas in a yield of 43.9 mmol/ g,which were 3.3 times of the total gas yield without catalyst.The gasification of coal tar with steam was thorough.The gas yield were 85.1 mmol/ g,the H2 yield were 61.9 mmol/ g,which were 72.7% of the total gas yield.So the Ni/ SLC catalyst was suitable for the gasification of biomass.