亲水性多孔聚丙烯腈纤维的研究

将聚丙烯腈(PAN)与聚氧化乙烯(PEO)共混后湿法纺丝,经水洗后处理,制成具有不同微孔结构的改性PAN纤维,然后在NaOH溶液中水解,得到亲水性多孔PAN纤维(HM-PAN)。借助红外光谱和扫描电镜表征了HM-PAN的化学结构和形貌;讨论了HM-PAN的亲水性能和力学性能。结果表明:相同水解条件下,随PEO含量增大,HM-PAN中引入的亲水基团增多,表面形成的孔穴加深、数量增多,纤维的亲水性能提高;在相同PEO含量下,通过控制水解时间、HM-PAN的孔隙结构及亲水基团数量,可以提高HM-PAN对水分的吸收及转移性能。PEO质量分数为10%的HM-PAN试样的平衡吸水倍率可高达10.48 g/g,最大芯吸高度为13.5 cm,保水率高达98.1%。HM-PAN中微孔产生的应力集中以及大分子排列规整性的破坏,导致纤维的力学性能有所下降,而水解时张力的施加可有效降低其下降幅度。

Research of hydrophilic multi-porous polyacrylonitrile fiber

Modified polyacrylonitrile(M-PAN) fibers with different micro-porous strctures was prepared by wet spinning the blend system of polyacrylontrile(PAN) and polyoxyethylene(PEO) prior to washing treatment,which was hydrolyzed in NaOH solution to produce hydrophilic multi-porous PAN(HM-PAN) fiber.The chemical structure and morphology of HM-PAN were characterized by infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy.The hydrophility and mechanical properties of HM-PAN were discussed.The results showed that more hydrophilic groups were introduced in HM-PAN and more deeper pits formed on the surface of the fiber when the PEO content was increased under the same hydrolysis conditions,thus the hydrophility of the fiber was improved.The water absorbing and transferring properties of HM-PAN can be improved by controlling the pore structures and hydrophilic groups quantity in the fiber through hydrolysis time at a specific PEO content.The HM-PAN sample containing 10% PEO by mass fraction exhibited the equilibrium water content up to 10.48 g/g,the maximum wicking height 13.5 cm,water retention rate 98.1%.Not only the stress concentration caused by the pore formation in HM-PAN but also the damage of the macromolecule regularity led to the declination of the mechanial properties,the degree of which can be depressed by tension hydrolysis.