超硬材料合成方法、结构性能、应用及发展现状

为了对超硬材料有更深入的了解,对以金刚石和立方氮化硼为主的超硬材料的合成方法、发展历程、结构与性能及应用领域进行了综述。金刚石的合成方法主要有静压触媒高压高温法、化学气相沉积法、动压爆炸法或爆轰法。经过几十年的发展,我国超硬材料制造技术和装备已经处于国际先进水平。超硬材料除了硬度高之外,还有许多优良的物理力学和化学性能,广泛应用于磨具、刀具、锯切、钻进等超硬材料工具和新型功能材料。

Review on the application,structure and properties,development history and synthesis methods of superhard materials

In order to further understand the superhard materials,the application fields,structure and properties,development history and synthesis approaches of superhard materials,mainly diamond and cubic boron nitride,are reviewed.The synthesis methods of diamonds include hydrostatic catalyst method(high pressure and high temperature method),dynamic pressure method(explosion method or detonation)and chemical vapour deposition method.After decades of development,the preparation technology and equipment of superhard materials have reached the advanced international level in our country.In addition to the high hardness,superhard materials have the good physical,mechanical and chemical properties,which are widely used in superhard material tools and new functional materials such as abrasive tools,cutting tools,sawing and drilling tools.