火山岩油气藏研究方法与勘探技术综述

近几年来,随着我国中、新生代含油气盆地中火山岩油气藏的不断发现及各油区勘探程度的进一步提高,构造油气藏、碎屑岩油气藏的勘探开发难度和风险日益增大,火成岩油气藏作为油气勘探的一个新领域,已引起了石油界学者的普遍关注和高度重视.总结和研究国内外火成岩油气藏的研究方法、勘探开发的成功经验及其技术,具有重要的现实意义.火山岩油气藏的研究方法和勘探技术主要包括地球物理方法(地震信息识别、大地电磁测量、高精度重磁力勘探、时间域建场测深、频率域连续电磁剖面、地球物理测井),火山岩年代学研究方法,火山岩岩相学、岩石学和岩石化学研究方法,火山岩储集层及成岩作用研究方法,以及对火山岩成藏条件及成藏机制研究和火山岩油气藏类型研究等.

Summary of research methods and exploration technologies for volcanic reservoirs

In recent years,the difficulty and risk have increased with the improvement of exploration and development for the structural and siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs,and with the continuous discovery of the volcanic hydrocarbon reserves widely distributed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins in China.The volcanic_related rock reservoirs as a new field of hydrocarbon exploration and development has greatly attracted the attention and regard of the geologists in the petroleum enterprises worldwide.The summation and study on the research methods,successful experiences and some exploration and development technologies for the volcanic reservoirs abroad and at home are benefit to the hydrocarbon exploration effects.Generally,the research and exploration methods for the volcanic reservoirs mainly include geophysical methods of seismic information recognition,magnetotelluric survey,high_precision gravity_magnetic method,time domain electric_magnetic depth sounding,frequency domain continuous electric_magnetic profile,geophysical logging as well as the volcanic chronology,petrology,petrography and petrochemistry,volcanic_reservoir characteristics and diagenesis,pool_forming and pool_type analysis.