杂散电流对埋地管道的腐蚀及排流方式的研究进展

随着人们对能源需求的不断增加,输油管道和电力设施建设迅速发展,由于空间地理位置限制,管线与电力设施不可避免地并行铺设,杂散电流对埋地管道的腐蚀问题日益突出.根据干扰源不同,可将杂散电流分为直流干扰与交流干扰.分别从直流和交流杂散电流出发,介绍了杂散电流的主要来源、形成原因及腐蚀危害;了解了二者的腐蚀特征以及腐蚀速率差异.通过调研国内外杂散电流腐蚀的相关研究,对直流腐蚀与交流腐蚀机理进行了系统论述与总结,并对交流腐蚀速率低于直流腐蚀速率的原因进行了分析与探讨.分别介绍了直流杂散电流与交流杂散电流的排流方法与排流装置,分析了每种排流方式的优缺点及适用条件,为实际工况中排流方式的选取提供了参考.最后,针对目前杂散电流腐蚀难点,提出了有待解决问题的方法,并对这一领域的研究方向及发展前景进行了展望,为相关研究提供了借鉴.

Research Progress of Stray Current on Corrosion and Drainage Method of Buried Pipeline

With the increasing demand for energy, the construction of underground oil and gas pipelines and electric power facilities has been developing rapidly in China. Due to the limitation of geographical location in space, pipelines and electric power facilities are inevitably laid in parallel, which makes the corrosion problem of buried pipeline caused by stray current become more and more serious. The pipeline corrosion of stray current can be divided into DC interference and AC interference according to the source of interference. Starting from dc stray current and AC stray current respectively, this paper introduces the main source of stray current, formation cause and corrosion hazard. The influence factors of direct current and alternating current are analyzed to understand the corrosion characteristics and corrosion rate difference between them. The mechanism of DC corrosion and AC corrosion is systematically discussed and summarized through the investigation of stray current corrosion, and the reason why the AC corrosion rate lags far behind the DC corrosion rate is analyzed and discussed. The drainage methods and devices for DC and AC stray currents are introduced respectively. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions of each drainage mode are analyzed, which provides a reference for the selection of drainage mode in actual working conditions. At last, the methods to be solved are put forward according to the difficulties of study of stray current corrosion, and the research direction and development prospect of this field are prospected to provide reference for the research in related fields.