Preparation of silica fibers and non-woven cloth by electrospinning

Silica fibers, which can potentially be used as filters and media for catalysts immobilization, were successfully spun via electrospinning process with precursor prepared through the sol–gel synthesis. Spinnable sols can be obtained only when the molar ratio of water to TEOS is less than 2 which is consistent with the retrospective results derived for other spinning methods. It was confirmed for the first time that the reaction time can be drastically reduced by introducing humidified air, controlled by KCl saturated aqueous solution, during sol–gel process. The size of obtained silica fibers is about 4.5 μm and has a certain degree of flexibility and mechanical strength. Although the specific surface area of as spun fiber was 7.7 m²/g, which is apparently small comparing to generic silica, treatment by boiling water only for 5 min could increase the specific surface area to be about 500 m²/g.