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Effects of blending on surface characteristics of copper corrosion products in drinking water distribution systems |
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| Authors: | Weizhong Xiao Zhijian Tang James S Taylor |
| Affiliation: | a Z-Facilitators, Inc. (ZFI), Water Engineering and Sciences, 3259 Progress Drive, Rm 2-156, Orlando, FL 32826, United States b Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Korea University, 1, 5-ka, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea c Penn State-Harrisburg, Environmental Engineering, Science and Technology Building, 777 W. Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA 17057, United States d Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Eng (MMAE) and Nanoscience and Technology Center (NSTC), University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162450, Orlando, FL 32816-2450, United States e Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162450, Orlando, FL 32816-2450, United States |
| Abstract: | Copper scales formed over 6-months during exposure to ground, surface and saline waters were characterized by EDS, XRD and XPS. Scale color and hardness were light red-brown-black/hard for high alkalinity and blue-green/soft for high SO4 or Cl waters. Cl was present in surface or saline copper scales. The Cu/Cu2O ratio decreased with time indicating an e transfer copper corrosion mechanism. Cu2O, CuO, and Cu(OH)2 dominated the top 0.5-1 A° scale indicating continuous corrosion. Cu2O oxidation to CuO increased with alkalinity, and depended on time and pH. Total copper release was predicted using a Cu(OH)2 model. |
| Keywords: | A Copper B Modelling studies B XPS B XRD C Corrosion potential |
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