利用光谱滤波技术提高电视跟踪系统作用距离的研究

详细分析了目标、天空背景的光谱辐射特性、大气条件以及电视跟踪系统各环节对探测靶面上目标与背景对比度的影响,确定了利用光谱滤波提高电视跟踪系统作用距离的理论基础。实测了作为跟踪目标的3号曳光弹的光谱辐射特性;根据与电视跟踪系统工作环境相近的大气模式,从理论上计算、分析了天空背景的光谱辐射特性。通过计算机模拟与实测各种滤光片对天空背景辐射的抑制效果及对模拟目标信号衰减程度相结合的办法,从理论及实验上研究了光谱滤波提高电视跟踪系统作用距离的规律。并且从光谱滤波角度提出了对系统所采用的探测器及合作目标信号的某些特性的改进意见。对九种不同背景条件下光谱滤波效果的计算机模拟分析表明:光谱滤波能稳定有效地提高探测器靶面上的目标与背景的对比度。对3号曳光弹,在海平面45km,水平路径上.在0.810μm,处的窄带光谱滤波能使探测器靶面上的对比度提高4～7倍,作用距离可由40km提高到(50～53)km。实验表明:光谱滤波后,本征对比度可提高1.25～3.59倍。

A Study of Using Spectral Filtering to Increase the Effect Range of TV Tracking System

On the basis of throughly analysing all the factors that influence the radiance contrast of the object to background on the target area of the detector, a method of using spectral filtering to increase the effect range of TV tracking system is put up. For the sake of studying how to use spectral filtering to effectually raise the effect range, the author measured the objects spectral radiant intensity and studied the spectral radiance of the low sky background theorically according to the optical properties of the atmosphere and the atmospherical optical principle. Based on these reault of the measurement and theorical computation, the author uses computer simulating the effect of various filter,the result showed, the spectral filtering can effectually and steadily raised the radiance contrast of th object to background that on the target area of the detector, under the studied circumstance, the contrast has been raised above 4 - 7 times, the maximum effect range has been raised from 40km to 50~53km. The experiment result shows, under the experimental circumstance, the original contrast has been raised 1. 25~3. 59 times. Some improvemental proposal on the properties of the detector and the spectral properties of cooperate object are put up in this paper.