Microstructural interpretation of the ablative properties of phenolic–quartz hybrid fabric reinforced phenolic resin composites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea;3. Agency for Defense Development, 4-R&D Center, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;1. Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea;3. Agency for Defense Development, 4-R&D Center, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;1. Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher Technological Institute, Tenth of Ramdan City, Egypt;3. Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;4. School of Chemical & Materials Engineering (SCME), NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan;5. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;6. Centre for Energy Systems (CES), NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | The thermal decomposition behavior of phenolic fiber and phenolic resin (PR) matrix was investigated by using a thermo gravimetric analyzer in nitrogen. The ablative properties of the composite specimens were quantitatively evaluated by performing oxyacetylene flame test and exhaust plume ablative test with a small liquid motor. The ablative properties of phenolic–quartz hybrid fabric reinforced phenolic resin (P–Q/PR) composites were compared with those of phenolic fabric and quartz fabric reinforced (P/PR and Q/PR) composites. The patterns and microstructures of the ablated composite specimens were also studied, and the advantages of the hybrid reinforced composites under ablation conditions were interpreted. The phenolic fiber decomposed similarly to the manner in which the PR did. The mixture rule can be used to predict the mass loss rate of the P–Q/PR composites during the oxyacetylene flame test. After the oxyacetylene flame test, there was no crack or delamination can be observed in P–Q/PR composite specimens and the carbonaceous residue blocks which were produced by the phenolic fiber and the PR were attached well to the quartz fibers. The resistance to heat-flow erosion of the P–Q/PR composites had significantly improved and the mass loss of the P–Q/PR composites (24.6%) was much lower than those of the Q/PR composites (56.4%) and the P/PR composites (86.3%) in the exhaust plume ablative test with a small liquid motor. A vis-à-vis char layer of the P–Q/PR composites formed during this ablation. |
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| Keywords: | Fiber reinforced polymer composites Phenolic fiber Hybrid Ablative property Microstructure |
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