Transient analysis and simulation of nonuniform lossy transmission lines

A new formulation of equations of the nonuniform lossy transmission line, in the form of integral equations based on the method of characteristics, has been introduced. Two methods of solution of these equations are presented, the first based on discretization of the integrals and, the second, a method of successive approximations, are presented and the results are compared. The presented integral equations of the line have interesting circuit representations and exhibit wave processes such as reflection, distortion, and attenuation. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.