30号硬质道路沥青组成结构对使用性能影响的机理研究

30号硬质道路沥青对提高路面高温稳定性能有显著效果,为探索影响沥青质量的内在因素,以溶剂脱沥青工艺制备的阿曼30号沥青和沙中30号沥青为研究对象,研究组成结构对使用性能的影响机理。结果表明,两种30号沥青均满足GB/T 15180—2010的要求,相比沙中30号沥青,阿曼30号沥青具有较好的高低温性能、抗老化性能和感温性能。组成结构研究表明,沥青的使用性能与其组成结构有着重大关联,不仅与组成存在比例关系,同时也与其内部结构紧密相关。相对于沙中30号沥青,阿曼30号沥青中各组分相对分子质量分布较宽,同时平均相对分子质量较高,各组分之间f_A,H/C,R_A/R_N,H_(AU)C_A等结构参数的差异性较小,胶体稳定指标I_c较高,主要组分芳香分、胶质和沥青质具有较长的侧链。高胶体稳定系数、较宽的相对分子质量分布、较小的组分结构差异性和具有长侧链等特点有利于形成稳定的胶体结构,进而使30号沥青体现出良好的高低温性能和抗老化性能。

EFFECT OF COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF 30 # HARD ASPHALT

30# hard asphalt has a significant role in high temperature stability of road surface. To explore the internal factors affecting the quality of asphalt，two type 30# hard asphalt from Oman crude and Saudi Arabia medium crude prepared by solvent deaspahlting process, designated as Oman 30# and SM30#, were selected to investigate the effect of asphalt composition and structure on performance. Both 30# asphalts satisfied with GB/T 15180—2010，while Oman 30# has better high and low temperature performance，anti-ageing and temperature susceptibility than SM 30#. The test results showed that there exist a significant correlation between structure and performance，which is not only a proportional relationship with asphalt content，but also the internal structures. Compared with SM30#, Oman 30# has a wider distribution of molecular weight and higher average molecular weight，and the differences of structure parameters，such as fA、H/C、RA/RN、HAU/CA，are relatively small. Meanwhile，Oman 30# has a higher colloid stability index Ic，and longer molecular side chains on aromatic，resin and asphaltene. The characteristics of wider molecular weight distribution and Ic，small differences of structure parameters and long side chain are all beneficial to form stable colloidal structure，giving a good road performance of 30# asphalt.