直写成型制备的3-3型PZT压电复合材料及其性能

3-3型压电复合材料在超声波传感器、水下声学检测等领域有着广泛的应用。锆钛酸铅(PZT)陶瓷通过复合有望制备具有低介电常数、低脆性等优点的复合材料。采用直写成型技术制备了 PZT 三维木堆结构支架， 结合浸渍法填充环氧树脂制备了3-3型PZT/环氧树脂压电复合材料。研究了陶瓷相体积分数对3-3型PZT/环氧树脂压电复合材料的介电、压电、铁电性能的影响，并对比了 PZT陶瓷支架与 PZT/环氧树脂复合材料的介电与压电性能。研究结果表明，随着陶瓷相体积分数的增加，复合材料的介电常数、压电常数及剩余极化强度都会增大， PZT支架具有更大的介电常数、压电常数、压电电压常数；当陶瓷相体积分数为36%时，PZT 支架与 PZT/环氧树脂的压电电压常数分别达到151．0mV·m/N 与104．0mV ·m/N。PZT/环氧树脂复合材料同时具备了压电陶瓷的硬度、电性能，以及聚合物的柔韧性、低密度等优势，其应用前景良好。

Preparation and Properties of 3-3 PZT Piezoelectric Composites Based on Direct Ink Writing

The 3-3 piezoelectric composites are widely used in ultrasonic sensors, underwater acoustic detection and other fields. The lead zirconate titanate(PZT) ceramics are expected to prepare the composites with the advantages of low dielectric constant and low brittleness. The PZT that has three-dimensional wood pile structure support is prepared by direct ink writing technology and combined with epoxy resin filled by impregnation method, the 3-3 PZT/epoxy piezoelectric composites are prepared. The effects of the ceramic phase volume fraction on the dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of 3-3 PZT/epoxy piezoelectric composites are studied, and the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT ceramic support and PZT/epoxy composites are compared. With the increase of the volume fraction of ceramic phase, the dielectric constant, piezoelectric constant and residual electric polarization of the composites increases, and the PZT support has higher dielectric constant, piezoelectric constant and piezoelectric voltage constant. When the volume fraction of ceramic phase is 36%, the piezoelectric voltage constants of PZT support and PZT/epoxy are up to 151 mV·m/N and 104 mV·m/N, respectively. The PZT/epoxy composites have the advantages of hardness and electrical properties of piezoelectric ceramics, as well as flexibility and low density of polymers, and have a good application prospects.