基于代谢组学分析不同颜色花生红衣的组成差异

以不同颜色花生红衣为研究对象，采用液相色谱-质谱非靶向代谢组学方法，研究花生红衣品种间的差异代谢物及代谢通路。主成分分析结果表明，不同品种的花生红衣存在较大的代谢差异。依据正交偏最小二乘法模型的变量重要性投影值可分离出16 种差异代谢物，颜色较深的花生红衣山柰酚和表儿茶素-(4α→8)-没食子儿茶素-(4α→8)-儿茶素含量明显较多，且随着红衣颜色的加深，原花青素、杨梅素和槲皮素含量显著升高（P＜0.05）。富集差异代谢物的代谢通路共4 条，其中最显著的为黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成途径，山柰酚、槲皮素、杨梅素和芦丁等差异代谢物参与此通路，且颜色较深的花生红衣中山柰酚代谢旺盛，颜色较浅的花生红衣中杨梅素和槲皮素代谢旺盛，合成量较多。

Metabolomic Analysis of Differences in Chemical Composition of Peanut Skins with Different Colors

With the aim of identifying the differential metabolic pathways in peanut skins of different varieties, non-targeted metabolomic analysis of peanut skins with different colors was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant metabolic differences in peanut skins with different colors. Totally 16 differential metabolites were separated according to the variable importance in the projection values from the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The contents of kaempferol and catechin-(4α→8)-gallocatechin-(4α→8)-catechin as well as the contents of proanthocyanidins, myricetin and quercetin were significantly higher in peanut skins with a darker color (P < 0.05). The differential metabolites were enriched in four metabolic pathways. The flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways were the most significant among the metabolic pathways, in which kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin and rutin were involved. Kaempferol was actively metabolized in peanut skins with a darker color, while myricetin and quercetin were actively metabolized and synthesized in larger amounts in peanut skins with a lighter color.