发酵液多糖提取方法的研究进展

随着科学的进一步发展,发酵液多糖生物活性在研究中被进一步发现,部分多糖具有增稠乳化、抗细菌、抗氧化、抗癌、增强免疫力等作用,可以应用于食品以及医药领域。现工业化生产提取发酵液多糖多采用溶剂提取法,经济效益不高,限制了发酵液多糖的进一步发展与应用,为了能更好发挥发酵液多糖的价值,为提取工艺的改善提供一定的参考,本文对发酵液胞内多糖和胞外多糖的不同提取方法进行了介绍,主要介绍溶剂提取法(水提取法、酸碱提取法、有机溶剂提取法)、高压脉冲提取法、酶提取法、超声波提取法、微波提取法、超临界流体萃取法和亚临界水提取法的研究进展,并且对不同方法的特点和适用情况做出了总结,为微生物多糖的提取研究提供一定的参考。

Research Progress in Extraction Methods of Polysaccharides from Fermentation Broth

With the further development of science,the biological activity of polysaccharides in fermentation broth has been further discovered in research.Some polysaccharides have the functions of thickening and emulsifying,anti-bacterial,anti- oxidation,anti-cancer,and enhancing immunity,and can be applied to food and medicine fields.The industrial extraction of polysaccharides from fermentation broths is mostly carried out by solvent extraction.The economic benefits are not high,which limits the further development and application of polysaccharides in fermentation broth.In order to better play the value of polysaccharides in fermentation broth,it provides a reference for the improvement of extraction process.In this paper,different extraction methods of intracellular polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides in fermentation broth were introduced.The solvent extraction methods(water extraction method,acid-base extraction method,organic solvent extraction method),high- pressure pulse extraction method,enzyme extraction method and ultrasonic wave were introduced.The research progress of extraction method,microwave extraction method,supercritical fluid extraction method and subcritical water extraction method was summarized.The characteristics and application of different methods were summarized,which would provide a reference for the extraction of microbial polysaccharides.