A typology of Southern African biofuel feedstock production projects |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;2. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa;3. School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein 2000, South Africa;1. Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom;2. BBOXX, London, United Kingdom;1. Division of Fluid Dynamics, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Göteborg Energi AB, SE-416 64, Gothenburg, Sweden;3. Division of Energy Technology, Department of Space, Earth & Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden;1. University of Passau, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, IZA, Germany;2. University of Michigan, United States;3. RWI, Germany;4. RWI, University of Passau, Germany;1. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Natural Resources & The Environment (NRE), P. O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa;2. Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), University of Tokyo, Administration Bureau Building 2, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan;3. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK;4. Stockholm Environment Institute – Africa Centre, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya;5. Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bunda Campus, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi;6. Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Linnegatan 87D, Box 24218, 10451, Stockholm, Sweden;7. Centre for Agricultural Research and Development, Bunda College, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi;8. Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences – History Department, P.O. Box 257, Maputo, Mozambique;9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK |
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| Abstract: | Biofuel expansion is happening rapidly within Southern Africa, and already tens of thousands of hectares have been planted, with millions more being contemplated. As is expected with such a new and dynamic industry, this development has taken place in a relatively ad hoc fashion with the various role-players adapting as they respond to lessons learnt from experience, a changing policy environment and other external factors such as the global recession of 2008/2009. This emerging industry is extremely diverse and it is clear that biofuel projects differ enormously in their intent, feedstock choice and management practices. Some projects aim at satisfying local fuel self sufficiency whilst others focus on national and export markets driven by mandatory blending targets. In addition the area planted by a single farmer or company can range from under 1 ha intercropped with food crops to monocropped plantations of tens of thousands of hectares. In attempting to understand the potential sustainability of the industry there is a clear need for a typology which groups projects with common sustainability issues and concerns. Comparing like with like can greatly reduce the complexity of the biofuel debate; help identify areas of most concern and assists in identifying strategies for enhancing sustainability. |
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