The impact of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on surface ozone concentrations in Istanbul |
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Authors: | Im Ulas Poupkou Anastasia Incecik Selahattin Markakis Konstantinos Kindap Tayfun Unal Alper Melas Dimitros Yenigun Orhan Topcu Sema Odman M Talat Tayanc Mete Guler Meltem |
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Affiliation: | a Bogazici University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Istanbul, Turkeyb Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greecec Istanbul Technical University, Department of Meteorology, Istanbul, Turkeyd Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul, Turkeye School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USAf Cyprus International University, Cyprus |
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Abstract: | Surface ozone concentrations at Istanbul during a summer episode in June 2008 were simulated using a high resolution and urban scale modeling system coupling MM5 and CMAQ models with a recently developed anthropogenic emission inventory for the region. Two sets of base runs were performed in order to investigate for the first time the impact of biogenic emissions on ozone concentrations in the Greater Istanbul Area (GIA). The first simulation was performed using only the anthropogenic emissions whereas the second simulation was performed using both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions. Biogenic NMVOC emissions were comparable with anthropogenic NMVOC emissions in terms of magnitude. The inclusion of biogenic emissions significantly improved the performance of the model, particularly in reproducing the low night time values as well as the temporal variation of ozone concentrations. Terpene emissions contributed significantly to the destruction of the ozone during nighttime. Biogenic NMVOCs emissions enhanced ozone concentrations in the downwind regions of GIA up to 25 ppb. The VOC/NOx ratio almost doubled due to the addition of biogenic NMVOCs. Anthropogenic NOx and NMVOCs were perturbed by ± 30% in another set of simulations to quantify the sensitivity of ozone concentrations to the precursor emissions in the region. The sensitivity runs, as along with the model-calculated ozone-to-reactive nitrogen ratios, pointed NOx-sensitive chemistry, particularly in the downwind areas. On the other hand, urban parts of the city responded more to changes in NOx due to very high anthropogenic emissions. |
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Keywords: | Surface ozone Istanbul MM5 CMAQ Anthropogenic Biogenic |
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