银纳米线透明导电薄膜的失效机理研究

银纳米线透明导电薄膜材料作为新兴的无铟电极材料, 以其优越的光电性能和力学柔韧性, 在显示器件、触控面板、太阳能电池、智能加热和电磁屏蔽等领域崭露头角, 吸引越来越多的来自科研界及产业界的关注。然而, 银纳米线透明导电薄膜在应用中面临着较为严重的稳定性问题, 主要表现为容易被痕量含硫气体腐蚀, 在300 ℃以上的温度下纳米线出现断裂和球形化等结构失稳现象, 在紫外光照条件下腐蚀及球形化加剧, 在加载电场条件下出现离子迁移并产生孔洞及断裂现象。本文详细介绍了以上各种失效现象, 分析了失效的微观机制, 介绍了解决各种失效现象的具体措施。银纳米线透明导电薄膜失效行为的研究, 有助于进一步推动该材料的实际应用进程。

Degradation Mechanism of Silver Nanowire Transparent Conductive Films: a Review

Silver nanowire transparent conductive film is one of the new indium-free electrode materials. It has attracted increasing attention from academia and industry due to its superior optoelectronic properties and excellent flexibility. It has been employed in a wide variety of applications in displays, touch panels, solar cells, smart heaters, electromagnetic interference shielding, and so on. However, silver nanowire transparent conductive film has a serious stability issue in service, for example, break or spheroidization above 300 ℃ under fulfidation, accelerating the degradation under ultraviolet light, pores for mation or even breakdown due to electromigration. In this review, the degradation phenomena is thoroughly introduced, the degradation mechanisms is analyzed, and the remedy strategy of degradation is discussed.