同步辐射及其在无机材料中的应用进展

同步辐射是环形加速器中做循环运动的高速电子在经过弯转磁铁时, 沿电子轨道切线方向发射的电磁辐射。作为一类平台型科技基础设施, 同步辐射光源对无机材料的研究和发展起到了重要支撑作用。同步辐射实验技术已经成为现代科学技术不可或缺的研究手段, 无机材料研究是同步辐射技术的主要应用领域之一。相对于用于材料研究的常规光源来说, 同步辐射技术研究无机材料有以下优势: 1)获取的数据质量更高; 2)空间分辨和时间分辨的能力更强; 3)原位和材料服役环境更易模拟; 4)多尺度、多方面、多种类的结构信息同步获取; 5)探测新的结构特性更有可能。同步辐射实验技术有助于解决无机材料领域中的一些关键科学问题, 从而极大地推动了无机材料的研究进展。本文首先简要介绍了同步辐射光源的现状, 以及国内现有三个同步辐射装置: 北京同步辐射装置(Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BSRF)、上海同步辐射装置(Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, SSRF)和国家同步辐射实验室(National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, NSRL)。然后, 从X射线衍射、散射、谱学、成像等四个方面, 列举了同步辐射技术在无机材料研究中的应用实例。最后, 对同步辐射光源和结构表征技术及其在无机材料中的应用进行了总结与展望。

Synchrotron Radiation and Its Applications Progress in Inorganic Materials

Synchrotron Radiation (SR) is the electromagnetic radiation emitted along the tangent direction of the electron orbit by high-speed electrons moving in a circular accelerator when passing through a bending magnet. SR source, as a platform-type scientific and technological infrastructure, plays an important supporting role in the research and development of inorganic materials. SR techniques become an indispensable research tools of modern science and technology, and inorganic materials are one of the main application fields of SR techniques. Compared with conventional light source used for research, SR techniques in the study of inorganic materials have following obvious advantages: 1) higher obtained data qualities; 2) better spatial and temporal resolutions; 3) easier simulated in-situ and material service environment; 4) synchronously acquiring multi-scale, multi-faceted and multi-type structural information; 5) new means more likely to detect new structural characteristics. SR techniques help solve some key scientific problems in the field of inorganic materials, and greatly promote their research. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the current status of SR sources and their three existing domestic SR facilities: Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). Secondly, some application examples related to inorganic materials research are given from the four aspects of X-ray diffraction, scattering, spectroscopy and imaging. Finally, summary and prospect are given to the SR source, the structurally characterization techniques, and their application in inorganic materials.