Methods for studying the mechanical and tribological properties of hard and soft coatings with a nano-indenter |
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Authors: | Weidian Shen Jian Sun Jhiqiang Liu Wenjing Mao J David Nordstrom Paul D Ziemer Frank N Jones |
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Affiliation: | (1) Coatings Research Institute, Eastem Michigan University, 430 W. Forest Ave., 48197 Ypsilanti, MI |
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Abstract: | This study illustrates the capabilities of a nanoindentation/nanoscratch tester to assess mechanical and tribological properties
of coating films. Properties such as hardness, elastic modulus, mar and scratch resistance, and critical force for cracking
can be accurately measured. Operation of the Nano-Indenter is described in detail. A scanning probe microscope (SPM) is shown
to be a valuable supplement to the Nano-Indenter. Well-characterized thermoset acrylic clearcoats and thermoplastic latex
films were studied. For the first time, operating parameters are described for measurement of relatively soft coatings, such
as films cast from a latex with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 8°C. Thus, the method is made available for study of most types of coatings. The method can easily discriminate between
coatings with different Tgs and crosslink densities. Once operating parameters are established, it takes about 10 minutes for an indentation test and
10 minutes for a scratch test with the Nano-Indenter, and with further automation this time could be reduced. Each indentation
test accurately measures hardness and elastic modulus as a function of depth within the coating, and each scratch test provides
additional insight into the material’s behavior. The method is sensitive to small changes in polymer composition and formulation,
and results are highly reproducible.
Presented at the 81st Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, November 12–14, 2003, in Philadelphia,
PA. |
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Keywords: | Dynamic mechanical properties hardness scratch resistance mechanical properties latex |
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