急倾斜厚大矿体采矿方法的选择

地表不允许塌陷时,急倾斜厚大矿体的开采是一个世界采矿技术难题。国内外对此类矿体采用高阶段空场嗣后充填法和高分段空场嗣后充填法。以李楼铁矿厚大矿体的开采为实例,从矿体赋存形态和矿岩稳固性对空场法、崩落法、充填法进行采矿方法的初选。对生产中应用的25 m高分段凿岩空场嗣后充填法和高阶段侧向崩矿嗣后充填法从采场生产能力、采场工程布置、采准工程量、工艺技术、采场充填周期进行技术分析比较,提出以高阶段侧向崩矿嗣后充填法为主,25 m高分段上向扇形孔空场采矿嗣后充填法和浅孔留矿法为辅的采矿方法,能实现安全、高效、大规模生产。随着凿岩设备、装药设备、爆破器材的发展,大孔穿爆,高分段或阶段凿岩在矿山中的应用越来越广泛,对类似开采条件的矿山具有一定的借鉴意义。

Selection of Mining Methods for Steeply Inclined Large and Thick Ore Body

It is a world-wide technical challenge for mining of steeply inclined large and thick ore body when surfaces are not allowed to collapse.For such kind of ore body，the mining methods often used at home and abroad are high stage open stoping with subsequent filling and high sublevel open stoping with subsequent filling.Taking large and thick ore body in Lilou iron ore as an engineering example，the mining method is primarily selected from open stoping method，caving method，filling method according to the morphology of the orebody and stability of ore rock.From the production capacity，mining engineering layout，mining preparation engineering，technology，stope filling cycle，25 m high sublevel open stoping with subsequent filling method and the high stage lateral caving stoping with subsequent filling method are analyzed and compared.Finally，the high stage lateral caving stoping with subsequent filling method is proposed as main mining method associated with 25 m high sublevel upwards fan-shaped open stoping with subsequent filling method and the shrinkage stoping with short hole，which realized safe，efficient and large-scale production.With the development of drilling equipment，charging equipment，blasting equipment，the large hole blasting and high sublevel or drilling are more and more widely applied in the mine，which provides a certain reference for mines with similar mining conditions.