物理性流域水文模型研究新进展

在计算机、空间观测等相关学科发展的推动下，物理性流域水文模型目前己成为流域水文模拟研究的重要发展方向。国内外很多学者通过一些新理论、新方法的应用，促进了物理性水文模型的研究，同时也使它成为了一个充满机遇和挑战的活跃领域。传统的物理性流域水文模型以数值求解控制水流运动的偏微分方程组为基本手段，存在模型应用尺度和方程适用尺度不匹配的尺度问题。为了解决这一问题，学者们开展了大量的思考和研究，同时也构成了当代水文学理论研究的中心内容，目前在物理性流域水文模型方面的研究可以归结为3个代表性的发展方向：在物理性和计算效率之间取得平衡的准物理性水文模型、基于不规则网格的物理性水文模型以及直接在宏观尺度建立数学物理方程的尺度协调的物理性水文模型。

Advancement in research of physically based watershed hydrological model

With the great advancement in space observation and computer technology,the physically based watershed hydrological model has become a promising means for hydrological simulation and prediction.The principle of traditional physically based hydrological model is to numerically solve the conservative partial differential equations describing the movement of water flow.However,this kind of model is only applicable in micro spatial scale.This scale problem becomes the focus of the research in theory of modern hydrology.This paper summarizes the current advancement in three aspects: 1.quasi physically based models balancing calculation burden and physical senses;2.irregular network based physical hydrological models;3.scale adaptable models based on macro-scale applicable equations.