Solvothermal synthesis of SnNb2O6 nanoplates and enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light

Well-defined SnNb₂O₆ nanoplates are synthesized here by a facile template-free solvothermal route in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol without an organic surfactant. The synthesized nanoplates have widths ranging from 200 to 400 nm and thicknesses in a range of 20–30 nm. The nanoplates were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Vis spectroscopy, Raman spectrometry, and by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. The variation of the lattice parameters and the optical properties of the nanoplates were discussed in detail based on the crystal and electronic structure. The SnNb₂O₆ nanoplates exhibited greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity in terms of the reduction of water for H₂ generation under visible light irradiation as compared to the same compound prepared by a solid–state reaction method. This was mainly attributed to its higher surface area and extremely high two-dimensional anisotropy, which provided a short migration distance along the thickness direction.