中国城市“新移民”聚居区居住满意度研究——以北京、上海、广州为例

采用在北京、上海、广州等地实地调研所获得问卷数据,运用计量方法,分析了中国城市新移民的居住满意度及其影响因素。研究表明,北上广新移民聚居区的居住满意度属一般水平;新移民聚居区的居住满意度不仅受其社会经济条件或设施配置水平影响,其决定因素包括:社区归属感、所在城市管治强度、居民收入和设施条件(如空调);社会归属感是影响当代中国城市新移民聚居区居住满意度的最重要因素。指出地方融合与归属感的构建对新移民及其社区发展极为重要,应以营造社会融合、建立地方归属感为目标,建设新型社会空间,实现新移民聚居区的满意和谐。

A STUDY OF RESIDENTIAL SATISFACTION IN THE NEO-MIGRANT ENCLAVES OF CHINESE CITIES: A CASE OF BEIJING, SHANGHAI AND GUANGZHOU

This study,using a unique database that based on a large scale survey of questionnaires in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,analyzes residential satisfaction of the dwellers in such enclaves,and tries to understand its underlying mechanisms.It is found that the resultant degree of residential satisfaction is normal level.It is argued that residential satisfaction in the neo-migrant enclaves of Chinese cities is not only shaped by the factors of socioeconomic conditions,infrastructure,it is also decided by neighborhood attachments,governance,household income,and facilities(such as air conditions).It highlights that neighborhood attachment will be very important in determining the level of residential satisfaction of China’s new generation migrants.In this sense,we argue that social integration and the sense of local place will be very important facets in the future community development for China’s migrant enclaves.In order to achieve a harmonious development of China’s migrant enclaves,China’s local government must put efforts to reconstruct the neighborhood attachment of migrants.