树状-多层次无线传感器网络路由协议的研究

对一个基于无线传感器网络的数据采集监控系统,根据所采用无线传感器的通信特性,结合对低功耗自适应分层路由协议(LEACH)的网络结构和数据传输性能的分析,提出一种新的树状-多层次路由协议(TSML)。TSML协议采用簇状拓扑结构,通过汇聚节点广播、传感器节点转发信息实现路由路径的探索,传感器节点按照转发信息的次序建立层次,从而构成一个具有树状结构的多层次网络结构。协议规定所有传感器节点间的路由关系存储在汇聚节点,由汇聚节点发送路由信息来寻找待采集的目标节点,目标节点再按照此路由进行反向数据传输,从而实现数据的实时采集和监控。实际应用表明,基于TSML协议组建的树状多层次网络,具有监测范围广、能耗小、网络结构稳定等特点,适用于数据采集监控系统的网络部署。

Research on the tree-structured and multi-levels routing protocol

Based on the characteristic of the wireless sensors and through the analysis of the network structure and the behaviors of data transmission of low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy（LEACH）,a novel tree-structured and multi-levels routing protocol（TSML）,for a data acquisition and monitoring system built on wireless sensor network,is proposed.Employing cluster-like topology,the cluster node is as the base who broadcasts to the sensor nodes to achieve routing exploration,and the earlier for the sensor node to forward the routing information,the higher of the level it has in the newly generated network.The routing of the sensor nodes is stored in the cluster node by the protocol.The real-time data acquisition is realized as follows： the cluster node searches the target nodes via sending the routing information to the sink,and the target nodes send data back according to the routing.The application implies that the multi-level tree-structured network is suitable for the deployment of the data acquisition and monitoring system for its wide range,low energy consumption and network stability.