钽铌湿法冶炼废水处理技术的实验研究

为降低钽铌湿法冶炼过程中所产生的废水中的氨氮氟浓度,回收氨或铵盐,对分类处理钽铌湿法冶炼产生各种废水的方法进行了实验研究。实验证明,对高酸废水采用生石灰(CaO)中和,可完全去除氟、硫酸根离子;对中低浓度含氨、氟、硫酸根废水采用生石灰沉淀-蒸馏法处理后,废水中氨的含量小于25㎎/L;对高浓度含氨、氟、硫酸根废水采用蒸发结晶、热分解、冷凝吸收制取NH3H2O、NH4HSO4、NH4HF2,有效地降低了废水中的氨、氟,制取的NH3H2O、NH4HSO4、NH4HF2完全可以返回钽铌工业使用。

Experiential Study of Disposal of Waste Water from Ta/Nb Hydrometallurgy

How to reduce the concentration of SO42-, F-, NH4+ in Ta/Nb hydrometallurgy waste water and so far as recovery ammonia and ammonium salts were discussed. Sorts of waste water were classified and disposed. The acid waste water was disposed by CaO precipitation, and SO42-, F- all removal. The basic waste water in small concentration SO42-, F-, NH4+ was disposed by CaO precipitation and distillation method. The waste water contained NH4+ beyond 25mg/l was qualified by drainage. The waste water in high concentration SO42-, F-, NH4+ was disposed by crystallizing evaporation, decomposition, and condensation. NH3.H2O,NH4HSO4,NH4HF2 were recoveried and reused in Ta/Nb metallurgy. The experiment show: the disposal of Ta/Nb hydrometallurgy waste water is much economic and environmental value.