水资源开发利用率40%阈值溯源与思考

对广泛流行的、引起管理者迷惑的为了生态保护河流水资源开发利用率不应超过40%的说法进行了溯源追踪。Tennant根据北美几百条小河流径流保留率与河流生态对应关系的观测资料,统计得出当河流断面径流量保持在多年平均径流量的60%以上时河流生态状况良好的结论,由此一些学者推论,在小河取水断面少、退水不能在取水断面回归的条件下,河流断面的水资源开发利用率不应超过40%。这是一种大数统计结论,具体河流不能绝对套用40%的阈值,而应该具体问题具体分析。

Tracing and thinking about 40% threshold value of water resources development and utilization ratio

This paper traces back to the popular saying that the utilization rate of river water resources for ecological protection should not exceed 40%. Tennant came to a conclusion that the river ecological condition was good when the river section runoff maintained at more than 60% of the annual average runoff based on the observation data of the corresponding relationship between runoff retention rate and river ecology of hundreds of small rivers in North America. Therefore, some scholars infer that the utilization rate of water resources should not exceed 40% under the condition that the returned water cannot return at the river section of water withdrawal. This is a statistical conclusion of large numbers. The threshold value of 40% should not be applied to specific rivers simply, but specific problems should be analyzed.