高炉铸钢冷却壁冷却水管的优化研究

针对建立高炉铸钢冷却壁的三维传热和热应力模型，采用通用有限元软件ANSYS计算了高炉铸钢冷却壁的温度场和应力场，通过数值计算分析了高炉铸钢冷却壁冷却水管形状对冷却壁热面最高温度和热应力的影响。计算结果表明：冷却水管改圆管为椭圆管后，冷却壁热面最高温度有所下降。当椭圆管横截面与圆管相同并且长短轴之比为0．6时，最高温度降低了2．8％，热面最大热应力降低了7．5％。而周长不变的椭圆管降温效果并不理想，但长短轴之比为0．4时最大热应力降低了12．8％。综合考虑各因素，把圆管做成面积相同的长短轴之比为0．55～0．65的椭圆管，可以取得比较好的冷却效果。这对于减少冷却水流量，减薄冷却壁体厚度、降低炼铁成本也有重大意义。

Structure optimization of water cooling channel of cast steel stave

In order to develop a model of three dimensional thermal transmission of cast steel stave, the temperature and thermal stress fields in the cast steel stave are calculated by finite element method software ANSYS. The influence of the shape of water pipe on maximum temperature and thermal stress of the stave hot face is analyzed by numerical calculations. The results show that the maximum temperature of the stave hot face is down when round cooling water channel is changed to ellipse one. When the cross section of ellipse cooling water channel is the same as the round one and the ellipticity is 0. 6,the maximum temperature is 2. 8 % lower and the thermal stress is down 2. 8 %. The cooling performance is not good when round pipe being squashed into ellipse. But when the ellipticity is 0. 4, the thermal stress is lowered by 12.8%. Considering various factors, when the cross section of ellipse cooling water channel is the same as the round one and the ellipticity is 0. 55-0. 65, the cooling performance is good. It can also reduce the thickness of stave and the flow of cooling water, as well as the ironmaking cost.