Effect of Rare-Earth Ions on Electrical Conductivity of BaTiO3 Ceramics |
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Authors: | TOSHIAKI MURAKAMI TADASHI MIYASHITA MOTOHIRO NAKAHARA EIJI SEKINE |
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Affiliation: | Ibaraki Electrical Communication Laboratory, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation, Tokai Ibaraki, Japan |
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Abstract: | Lattice constants, grain size, electrical conductivity, and luminescence were measured for sintered BaTiO3 ceramics doped with 0 to 1.2 at.% rare-earth ions. BaTiO3 doped with low levels of rare-earth ions contains grains 10 μm in size and has lattice constants nearly equal to those of undoped ceramics. In this case, rare-earth ions occupy Ba2+ sites and yield donors. When grain growth is inhibited by high doping levels or by insufficient sintering, the lattice constants change, the rare-earth ions occupy both Ba2+ and Ti4+ sites, and, consequently, BaTiO3 becomes insulative because of charge compensation. |
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