5种土壤处理除草剂对半夏田杂草防除效果

目的]草害是制约贵州半夏产业发展的重要因素之一。生产上主要依靠人工除草方式,其除草成本高;化学除草是降低半夏田除草成本的有效措施,但生产上供选择的除草剂品种单一;试验旨在提供更多除草剂品种供半夏田选择应用。方法]选用5种土壤处理除草剂,按照随机区组设计进行田间药效试验,在半夏播后苗前进行土壤喷雾处理。结果]50%硝磺草酮·乙草胺·莠去津SC 1500 g a.i./hm^2处理、68.8%嗪草酮·乙草胺EC1543.5 g a.i./hm^2处理对半夏田杂草防除效果最好,药后30、45 d对杂草群体总株防效、总鲜重防效均在92%以上,但50%硝磺草酮·乙草胺·莠去津SC易产生药害,不宜使用;其次为960 g/L精异丙甲草胺EC864 g a.i./hm^2处理、240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC 180 g a.i./hm^2处理,总株防效、总鲜重防效在69%以上;450 g/L二甲戊灵CS 742.5 g a.i./hm^2处理虽药后30 d对杂草群体总防效较好,但45 d防效较差。结论]除50%硝磺草酮·乙草胺·莠去津SC外,其余4种除草剂均可在半夏田应用。但各除草剂对不同杂草种类防效存在一定差异,应根据半夏田杂草发生情况合理选择,科学用药,保障半夏产品质量安全。

Control Effect of Five Soil Treatment Herbicides on Pinellia ternata Field Weed

Aims] The problem of weeds has always been one of the important factors restricting the development of Pinellia ternata industry in Guizhou province. In the production, it mainly relies on the artificial weeding, which has a high cost. Chemical control is an effective measure to reduce the cost of weeding, but the selection of chemical herbicides is fewer. This paper aims to solve the current situation of high costs of artificial weeding and provide more available herbicides for control of weeds in Pinellia field. Methods] According to randomized block design, five kinds of soil treatment herbicides were selected to conduct field trials. The soil spray treatment was applied before seedling emergence after sowing in P. ternata. Results] Mesotrione·acetochlor·atrazine 50% SC 1500 g a.i./ha and metribuzin·acetochlor 68.8% EC 1543.5 g a.i./ha showed the best herbicidal control effect in P. ternata field with total plant control effect and total fresh weight control effect of above 92% after 30 and 45 days after treatment. However,mesotrione·acetochlor·atrazine 50% SC was easy to cause damage to P. ternata and should not be used. The second treatment was S-metolachlor 960 g/L EC 864 g a.i./ha and oxyfluorfen 240 g/L EC 180 g a.i./ha, the total plant control effect and total fresh weight control effect were more than 69%. Although the treatment of pendimethalin 450 g/L CS742.5 g a.i./ha for 30 days had good control effect on weed population, but the control effect of 45 days treatment was poor. Conclusions] The results showed that the other 4 herbicides can be applied in Pinellia field,except mesotrione·acetochlor·atrazine 50% SC. However, the control effects of different herbicides on different kinds of weeds were different. It is necessary to select reasonable herbicides according to the occurrence of weeds in P. ternata fields and to use scientifically to ensure the quality and safety of P. ternata.