售电侧市场开放环境下微网端对端电能交易关键技术综述及展望

售电侧市场环境逐渐开放和分布式能源（distributed energy resources， DER）的发展给微网（micro-grid，MG）运行带来了机遇与挑战。端对端（peer to peer， P2P）电能交易可以优化能源结构，充分发挥分布式能源的优势，提高能源系统的效率。文章以微网P2P电能交易系统为研究对象，在考虑我国现有电力改革政策的前提下，在稳态层面提出亟需解决的三大关键问题：分布式能量流如何优化传输、高效通信系统如何建立、P2P电能交易过程中涉及到用户支付问题如何解决。就这些问题，从能量流、信息流、货币流的角度，阐述微网端对端电能交易系统相关分析的解决办法，从工程角度分析新形势下微网P2P电能交易过程中的关键设备及核心软件平台，为推动我国分布式发电市场化交易及落地提供一些建议。

Overview and Prospect of Key Technologies of Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Micro-Grid Under Power-Sales-Side Market Liberalization

The gradual opening of the power-sales-side market liberalization and the development of distributed energy resources （DER） have brought opportunities and challenges to the operation of the micro-grid. Peer to peer （P2P） energy trading can optimize the energy structure， give full play to the advantages of distributed generation， and improve the efficiency of energy systems. This paper takes the P2P energy trading system of micro-grids as the research object. Considering Chinas existing power reform policies， three key issues need to be resolved at the steady-state level： how to optimize the transmission of distributed energy flow and how to establish an efficient communication system， and how to solve the problem of user payment involved by P2P energy trading process.From the perspective of energy flow， information flow and money flow， the solution to the correlation analysis of the P2P trading system in the micro-grid is described. From the engineering point of view， the P2P energy trading process in the micro-grid under the new situation is analyzed. The key equipment and core software platforms have provided some suggestions for promoting the marketization and landing of distributed power generation in China.