电火花放电通道运动迁移试验研究

为研究极间相对运动对电火花放电通道迁移的影响规律,设计并构建了放电通道迁移单脉冲放电试验系统,并对不同相对运动速度下的单脉冲放电试验结果进行了分析。结果表明:稳定的相对运动对极间放电状态影响较小;电火花放电通道由弧柱通道、热扩散通道和光辐射通道组成;放电通道沿极间相对运动相反方向发生了运动迁移,迁移路径由相对运动方向决定,受表面微观结构影响;随着极间相对速度增大,放电通道迁移距离增长;放电通道迁移主要由电场力和磁场的刚直性推动,其连续性由放电能量、极间相对速度、表面微观结构等决定;相对速度超过极限值时,放电通道出现跳跃式迁移,生成点状断续放电蚀坑,甚至出现机械断弧现象。

Study on Motion Migration of EDM Discharge Channel

In order to study the effect of relative motion between positive electrode and negative electrode on the migration of EDM discharge channel,a single pulse EDM channel migration experimental system was designed and manufactured.Single pulse discharge tests at different relative motion speeds were carried out and the results were analyzed.The results show that the electro-spark discharge channel is composed of arc column channel,thermoelectric separation channel and optical radiation channel,the relative motion of the two poles has little effect on the discharge state,the discharge channels move in the opposite direction of the relative motion between the electrodes,the migration path of the discharge channel is determined by the relative movement of the positive electrode and the negative electrode,and is affected by the surface microstructure.As the relative velocity between the poles increases,the discharge path migration distance increases.The migration of the discharge channel is mainly driven by the electric field force and the self-generated magnetic field.The continuity of the discharge channel is determined by the discharge energy,the relative velocity between the electrodes,surface microstructure and so on.When the relative velocity between the two poles exceeds the limit value,the discharge channel will be leaped,resulting in discontinuous discharge pits,and even mechanical arc breaking will occur.