河流生态系统健康评价及展望

河流生态系统健康与社会经济、人类、生态环境等密切相关，如何评价河流生态状况正成为水利科学、环境科学和生态学领域研究的热点之一。本文在介绍了生态系统健康概念和评价标准的基础上，概括了河流生态系统健康的涵义和开展河流健康评价研究的重要意义，分析评价了预测模型法和多指标法之间的优缺点与发展历程，提出了河流生态系统健康评价发展方向和亟待开展的工作。认为今后的重点是开展流域尺度上不同时期的河流生态系统健康和基于遥感、GIS、GPS新技术的河流健康评价标准及指标体系的研究。

Assessment of river ecosystem health and its prospect

The river ecosystem health is closely related with social economics, human activity and ecoenvironment. It is a hot spot of research to evaluate river health in multi-disciplines of sciences. This paper introduces the concept and criteria of ecosystem health assessment, generalizes the meaning of the river ecosystem health and reveals the importance of research on this subject. A detailed comparison is made about development process, advantages and disadvantages between the Predictive Models and the Multi-metrics, which are two methods of the river ecosystem health assessment in terms of assessment principles. Finally, a prospect about the river ecosystem health assessment is put forward. Focus should be given to researches on development trend in long run with watershed scale and assessment indexes as well as standards based on RS, GIS and GPS technologies.