头部撞击发动机罩板的损伤模拟

为了减少人与车相撞事故中行人的伤亡人数，采用有限元三维实体建模技术，建立了包括头皮和头骨两层球体结构的头部各向同性粘弹性模型和发动机罩板的各向同性弹性模型，分析了头部与发动机罩板的瞬态大变形非线性撞击响应，得到了头部与发动机罩板相撞时的速度、角度、位置及发动机罩板的厚度等因素对头部伤害的影响规律．结果表明头部受到的撞击如速度值和文献中的试验结果吻合较好．能够为设计具有行人头部保护功能的车身结构提供有力的理论依据．

Head and engine hood impacting injury simulation

Simulation of human head injury caused during collision with engine hood can provide a theoretical basis for reducing pedestrian's casualties in the vehicle pedestrian collision accidents. 3-D finite element modeling technology is adopted here to develop the isotropic viscoelastic model of the head, which contains spherical scalp and skull, as well as the isotropic elastic model of the engine hood. Nonlinear responses of the head's instantaneous deformation when it collides with the engine hood are analyzed. The influenc of the impacting velocity, impacting angle, impacting position, and the thickness of the engine hood to the head's injury was established. Analysis results reveal that the impacting acceleration of the head is in good accordance with the reported testing results, which proves the model can provide efficient guidance for the design of a vehicle to enable it to have the ability to protect the pedestrian head.