旋转导向马达(RSM)控制精度浅析

旋转导向钻井技术是20 世纪90 年代发展起来的以旋转导向钻井工具为核心的钻井新技术，其中旋转导向钻井系统主要由井下旋转导向钻井工具系统、双向通讯系统和地面监控系统3大部分组成。在简述旋转导向钻井系统国内外发展概况后，重点对影响旋转导向钻井马达控制精度的传感器选择、各种算法及工具系统特性等主要因素进行了分析，重点从姿态控制传感器的选取、如何有效消除由系统惯性引起的误差以及采样率和工具分辨率的关系3方面进行了论述，并通过实验的方法对论题进行了解释说明，得出了几点关于如何提高旋转导向工具控制精度的认识，为导向工具的精度控制提供了理论依据。

A discussion on controlling accuracy of rotary steering motor

Rotary steering drilling is a new drilling technique developed in 1990s. It takes rotary steering drilling system as the core. The rotary steering drilling system is mainly composed of three parts, i.e., the downhole rotary steering drilling tool system, the bi-directional communication system, and the surface monitoring system. After briefly introducing the development conditions of the system both at home and abroad, this paper lays emphasis on analyzing the main factors influencing the controlling accuracy of the rotary steering drilling motor, i.e., the selection of sensors, various calculating methods, and the features of tool system. Discussion is mainly made on the selection of attitude control sensors, how to eliminate the errors caused by system inertia, and the relationship between the sampling rate and the tools resolution. What’s more, experiments are conducted to illustrate the subject. Some understandings of how to improve the controlling accuracy of the rotary steering tools are developed, laying theoretical basis for the accuracy control of steering tools.